Audience

Brainstorm

Communication

Delivery

Evaluation

Feedback

Message

Outline

Plan

Practice

Receiver

Sender

Speech

Write

Alliteration- repetition of initial sounds in closely connected words.

Audience Analysis – part of the process a speaker uses to create a message appropriate for a specific audience

Audience Goal – a description of what the listeners should be able to do after a speech is completed

Cause-effect reasoning- type of reasoning that suggests one event produces a second event.

Chronological Order- arrangement of points in a speech in which they happen

Clarity – the clearness of a speaker’s words

Connected information- new information that is related to information the audience already knows.

Credibility appeals- quality that make a speaker believable.

Credibility- quality or power of inspiring belief.

Critique- the formal feedback given by a critic.

Cyberspace Resources – a wide range of resources provided by the Internet

Deductive reasoning- reasoning that uses a general idea to reach conclusions about a specific case.

Demonstration- a speech in which a speaker explains or physically demonstrates how something works.

Emotional appeals- appeals that use listeners’ feeling to persuade them.

Eulogy- a speech honoring and remembering the life of a person who has died.

Extemporaneous Speech – a speech in which speakers use a prepared outline but do not write out each word or sentence

Fabrication – the act of making up information as part of the research process

Faulty appeals- incorrect or misleading strategies.

Formal Feedback – planned written or oral comments, often referred to as critiques, that evaluate a speech

Hierarchy of human needs- Maslow’s list of five basic human needs; physical, safety, belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization.

Hyperbole- intentional exaggeration

Impromptu Speech – a speech that is delivered with little or no preparation

Inductive reasoning- reasoning that uses specific pieces of information to draw a general conclusion.

Informal Feedback – verbal or nonverbal messages given spontaneously to the speaker during or after a speech

Informative Speech – a speech that is intended to increase listeners’ knowledge of a subject

Irony- use of words to represent the opposite of literal meaning

Logical appeals- appeals that use solid evidence and sound reasoning to support ideas.

Manuscript Speech – a speech written out entirely and delivered word-for-word from a typed or handwritten paper

Memorized Speech – a speech the speaker learns and delivers word-for-word without notes or a manuscript

Metaphor- implied comparison of two things that are not alike

Personification-figure of speech that gives human characteristics to nonhuman things

Persuasion- a communication process with a goal of influencing other people.

Persuasive Speech – a speech that is intended to change the beliefs or behaviors of listeners

Plagiarism – the act of representing words or ideas of others as one’s own (more)

Purpose statement-summary of the main ideas and goals of the speech

Q&A – a question-and-answer time following a presentation.

Simile-comparison of two things that are not alike that includes the words like or as

Social-Ritual Speeches – short speeches that have a specific social function and follow a predictable pattern

Source Credibility- establishment of a source as trustworthy and believable

Stage Fright – extreme nervousness when talking to an audience

Supporting Material- information that develops the main points of a speech

Tone-style or manner of expression in speaking

Training Speech – a speech that is intended to teach specific procedures or skills

Transitions- words, phrases, or sentences that form links between ideas

Visualizing – seeing a picture in the mind

Voiced Pauses – verbal hesitations or interruptions

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